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technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 1 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h alo25f24 single output 8 th brick: open-frame module the alo25f24 is astec?s 8 th brick industry standard offering. operating from an input voltage range of 18v to 36v. it delivers up to 25a max current at 3.3v output voltage. it provides tight regulation and exhibits clean and monotonic output start up characteristics. this model comes with industry standard features such as input uvlo; enable on/off, ocp, ovp and otp; output trim; differential remote sense pins. open frame construction is available with th and smt termination. with its wide operating temperature range of -40c to 85c ambient, the converter is deployable into almost any environment. special features ? industry standard 8 th brick footprint ? open frame construction ? low ripple and noise ? regulation to zero load ? high capacitive load start-up ? fixed switching frequency ? industry standard features: input uvlo; enable; ovp, ocp and otp; output trim, remote sense ? meets basic insulation environmental specifications ? -40oc to 85oc operating temperature ? -40oc to 125oc storage temperature ? mtbf > 1 million hours electrical parameters input input range 18-36 vdc input surge 50v / 100ms control enable ttl compatible (positive or negative logic enable options) output load current 3.3v @ 25a max (p o = 82.5w) line/load regulation < 1% v o ripple and noise 75mv p-p output voltage adjust range 10% v o transient response 5% typical deviation 50% to 75% load change 100 s settling time (typ) remote sense +10%v o over current 120% (typ) protection over voltage 130% (typ) protection over temperature 103 c protection safety ul + cul 60950, recognized en60950 through tuv-ps
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 2 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h electrical specifications absolute maximum ratings stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the converter. functional operation of the device is converter is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational section of the specs. exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended period can adversely affect device reliability. parameter device symbol min typical max unit input voltage continuous transient (100ms) all vin vin trans - - - - 36 50 vdc i/o isolation (conditions 50 a for 5 sec, slew rate of 1500v/10sec) input-to-output all - - - 1500 vdc operating temperature all t a -40 - 85 oc storage temperature all t stg -40 - 125 oc operating humidity all - 10 - 85 % max voltage at enable pin all - - 25 vdc max output power all p o,max - - 82.5 w input specifications parameter device symbol min typical max unit operating input voltage range all v in 18 24 36 vdc input under-voltage lock-out t_on threshold t_off threshold all 17.2 15.8 - - 17.95 16.50 vdc input line drop out time (25 c) - within overshoot spec - within 450mv overshoot all all v in v in 5 1 - - - - ms max input current 1 (v in = v in, min ; i o = i o, max ) all iin max --6.0a max p diss @ i o = 0a (v in = v in, nom ) temperature: t a = 25 c all - - 4.6 w input ripple current 2 5hz to 20mhz all i i1 -6-map-p input voltage rise time 10% to 90% of vout all - - 1.7 v/ms inrush current di in /dt all - - 5 a pk
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 3 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h electrical specifications ( continued) output specifications parameter device symbol min typical max unit output voltage set point v in = v in, min to v in, max i o = i o, max all v o, set 3.24 3.30 3.35 vdc output regulation line v in = v in, min to v in, max load i o = i o, min to i o, max temperature: t a = -40 c to 85 c all - - - - - - - - - 0.20 0.20 1.00 % output ripple and noise 3 peak-to-peak: (5hz to 20mhz) all - - 40 75 mvp-p external load capacitance capacitor esr all - - 15 - - 15,000 - f m ? output current 4 all i o 0-25a output current-limit inception v out = 90% v o, set ; t a = 25 c all i o 26.5 - 35 a output over voltage protection all v o 3.9 4.1 4.9 v over temperature protection (avg. pcb temp) all 103 - 117 c efficiency v in = v in, nom ; i o = i o, max t a = 25oc all 87 88 - % turn on response time v in = v in, min tov in, max all - - - 15 ms enable to output turn-on delay v in = v in, min tov in, max i o = i o, min to i o, max all - - - 15 ms + v in to output turn-on delay enable pin: active v in = v in, nom i o = i o, max all - - - 15 ms switching frequency all - 580 660 740 khz output voltage remote sensing all - - - 10 %v o output voltage trim range 5 all 90 110 %v o output enable on/off 6 enable signal slew rate negative enable (?n? suffix) enable pin voltage: mod-on mod-off positive enable (no suffix) enable pin voltage: mod-on mod-off all - - - - - 0.01 0 2.95 2.95 0 - - - - - - 0.8 20 20 0.8 v/ms v v v v
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 4 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h electrical specifications ( continued) output specifications parameter device symbol min typical max unit dynamic response c o = 0 f peak deviation load change from i o = 50% to 75% of i o, max : settling time to v o, set tolerance peak deviation load change from i o = 50% to 25% of i o, max : settling time to v o, set tolerance ? i o / ? t all all all - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 5 100 5 100 - - 300 300 a/ s %v o s %v o s output overshoot at t-on / t-off passive resistive full load t < 0 c all - - - - - - 3 4 %v o %v o note: 1. the converter is not internally fused. an input line fuse such as littlefuse 3ab type must be used. 2. refer to figure 1 for the external input capacitance required. 3. refer to figure 2 for output ripple and noise test measurement setup. 4. output power derating applies at elevated temperature. refer to figure 11. 5. refer to the output trim equations provided (equations 1 and 2). 6. for temperature greater than -20 c, minimum pin disable time is 100ms. for temperature less than -20 c, minimum pin disable time is 1s. safety agency / material rating / isolation parameter device safety approval all ul/cul 60950, 3rd edition ? recognized en 60950 thro ugh tuv material flammability rating all ul94v-0 parameter device symbol min typical max unit input to output capacitance all - 1000 - pf input to output resistance all - tbd - ohms input to output insulation type all - basic - -
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 5 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h electrical specifications ( continued) figure 2. peak to peak output noise measurement setup. figure 1. input reflected ripple current measurement setup. vo(+) vo(-) resistive load 10 uf 0.1 uf scope copper strip use a 0.1 f @ 25v tantalum capacitor (2 inches away from the output terminals of the uut). scope measurement should be made using a bnc socket, positioned 3 inches away from output terminals of the converter. battery cs 220 uf esr < 0.1 ohm @ 20 oc, 100 khz ltest 12 uh 33 uf esr < 0.7 ohm @ 20 oc, 100 khz vi(+) vi(-) to oscilloscope measure input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source inductance (ltest) o f 12uh. capacitor cs offsets possible battery impedance. measure current as show n above.
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 6 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h +vin -vin enable -vout +vout -sense +sense vadj rload radj_up figure 3. trim up test configuration (pin side up). +vin -vin enable -vout +vout -sense +sense vadj rload rad j _down figure 4. trim down test configuration (pin side up). basic operation and features input under voltage lockout to prevent any instability to the converter, which may affect the end system, the converter have been designed to turn-on once v in is in the voltage range of 17.2-17.95 vdc. likewise, it has also been programmed to turn-off when v in drops down to 15.8-16.5 vdc. output voltage adjust/trim the converter comes with a trim pin (pin 6), which is used to adjust the output by as much as 90% to 110% of its set point. this is achieved by connecting an external resistor as described below. to increase the output, external r adj_up resistor should be connected between trim pin (pin6) and +sense pin (pin 7). please refer to equation (1) for the required external resistance and output adjust relationship. equation (1a): to decrease the output, external r adj_down resistor should be connected between trim pin (pin 6) and -sense pin (pin 5). please refer to equation (2) for the required external resistance and output adjust relationship. equation (2): where: ? % = percent change in output voltage radj_down 510 ? % 10.2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? k ? ? r adj_up 5.1 vo set 100 ? % + () 1.225 ? % 510 ? % ? 10.2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? =?
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 7 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h basic operation and features (continued) output enable the converter comes with an enable pin (pin 2), which is primarily used to turn on/off the converter. both a positive (no ?n? suffix required) and a negative (suffix ?n? required) enable logic options are being offered. for positive enable, the converter is turned on when the enable pin is at logic high or left open. the unit turns off when the enable pin is at logic low or directly connected to -v in . on the other hand, the negative enable version turns unit on when the enable pin is at logic low or directly connected to -v in . the unit turns off when the enable pin is at logic high. over current protection (ocp) the over current protection is latching with auto-restart. the converter shuts down once the output current reaches the ocp range. the converter will attempt to restart until the fault is removed. latching ocp mode is available as an option (no model part number assigned). this feature is only for module protection and no intention to customer application. output over voltage protection (ovp) the over voltage protection circuit is latching with auto-restart. the converter will latch-off and attempt to restart until th e fault is removed. latching ovp mode is available as an option (no model part number assigned). over temperature protection (otp) the over temperature protection circuit will shutdown the converter once the average pcb temperature reaches the otp range. this feature prevents the unit from overheating and consequently going into thermal runaway, which may further damage the converter and the end system. such overheating may be an effect of operation outside the given power thermal derating conditions. restart is possible once the temperature of the sensed location drops to less than 103 c. remote sense the remote sense pins can be used to compensate for any voltage drops (per indicated max limits) that may occur along the connection between the output pins to the load. pin 7 (+sense) and pin 5 (-sense) should be connected to pin 8 (+vout) and pin 4 (return) respectively at the point where regulation is desired. the combination of remote sense and trim adjust cannot exceed 110% of v o . when output voltage is trimmed up (through remote sensing and/or trim pin), output current must be derated and maximum output power must not be exceeded.
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 8 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h performance curves figure 7. output turn on response time at v in = 24v, i o = full load t a = 25 c. figure 8. output ripple waveform at v in = 24vdc, i o = full load, t a = 25 c. figure 5. efficiency vs. load current at i o = full load, t a = 25 c (ambient temperature). efficie ncy vs. output current, t a =25c 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 0 5 10 15 20 25 output current [a] efficiency [%] vin = 18vdc vin = 24vdc vin = 36vdc figure 6. power dissipation vs. load current at i o = full load, t a = 25 c (ambient temperature). pow er dissipation vs. output current, t a =25c 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 0 5 10 15 20 25 output current [a] power dissipation [w] vin = 18vdc vin = 24vdc vin = 36vdc
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 9 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h performance curves figure 9. output transient response at t a = 25 c; peak deviation (hi - lo). figure 10. output transient response at t a = 25 c; peak deviation (lo - hi). figure 12. enable to output turn on time at v in =24v, i o = full load, t a = 25 c. figure 11. output current vs. temperature at v in =24v, i o = full load, t a = 25 c. alo25f24 de rating curve @ 24vin 0 5 10 15 20 25 25 40 55 70 85 am bient tem p (c) output current 400 lfm 300 lfm 200 lfm 100 lfm 0 lfm
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 10 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h input filter for fcc class b conducted noise a reference design for an input filter that can provide fcc class b conducted noise levels is shown below (see figure 13). two common mode connected inductors are used in the circuit along with balanced bypass capacitors to shunt common mode currents into the ground plane. shunting noise current back to the converter reduces the amount of energy reaching the input lisn for measurement. the application circuit shown has an earth ground (frame ground) connected to the converter output (-) terminal. such a configuration is common practice to accommodate safety agency requirements. grounding an output terminal results in much higher conducted emissions as measured at the input lisn because a hard path for common mode current back to the lisn is created by the frame ground. ?floating? loads generally result in much lower measured emissions. the electrical equivalent of a floating load, for emi measurement purposes, can be created by grounding the converter output (load) through a suitably sized inductor(s) while maintaining the necessary safety bonding. figure 13: class b filter circuit parts list ckt code description common mode choke ctx01-15091 cooper electronic technologies x-cap 0.47 f x 4pcs y-cap 22 nf x 4 pcs cin 220f x 1pc filter
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 11 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h mechanical specifications parameter device symbol min typ max unit dimension all l - 2.30 [58.42] - in [ mm ] w - 0.80 [20.32] - in [ mm ] h - - 0.32 [8.13] in [ mm ] weight all - 24 [0.85] - g [oz] pin assignment 1+v in 5-sense 2enable6 trim 3-v in 7+sense 4 -vo 8 +vo figure 14a. mechanical outline (pin version)
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 12 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h mechanical specifications (continued) figure 14b. mechanical outline (surface mount) figure 15. recommended pad layout for smt (suffix ?s?) version.
technical reference notes alo25f24 (single output 8 th brick) model: alo25f24 sheet 13 of 13 august 23, 2005 - revision h recommended reflow profile 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 time (seconds) temperature (deg c) soldering considerations the alo25f24 converter is compatible with standard wave soldering techniques. when wave soldering, the converter pins should be preheated for 20-30 seconds at 110 c and wave soldered at 260 c for less than 10 seconds. when hand soldering, the iron temperature should be maintained at 425 c and applied to the converter pins for less than 5 seconds. longer exposure can cause internal damage to the converter. cleaning can be performed with cleaning solvent ipa or with water. for smt terminated modules, refer to figure 16 for the recommended reflow profile. figure 16. recommended r eflow profile for smt modules. part numbering scheme construction o/p current o/p voltage vin enable pin length termination a w o xx y 24 n - 6 s l = open frame 25 = 25a f = 3.3v n = negative no suffix ?n? = positive default 6 = 3.7mm no suffix ?-6? = 5mm default s = smt termination no suffix ?-s? = th termination note: 1) for through hole (th) termination: - std pin length is 5mm nominal (min: 0.189 [4.8]; max: 0.205 [5.2] / in [mm]) - ?-6? option is 3.7mm nominal (min: 0.137 [3.5]; max: 0.152 [3.9] / in [mm]) - pins 4 & 8 diameter: ? = 0.062 [1.57], others: ? = 0.04 [1.0] (6x) please call 1-888-41-astec for further inquiries or visit us at www.astecpower.com pre-heat zone 120 - 180 sec reflow zone < 80 sec 110 c 183 c peak temperat u re 200 c - 230 c s l o pe < 4 c /sec

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